Botany is the branch of biology that deals with the study of plants, including their structure, physiology, reproduction, and biochemical processes.
Botany is a very vast and comprehensive science and is divided into various major branches such as morphology, histology, physiology, plant anatomy, genetics, cytology, taxonomy, ecology, paleobotany, plant geography, etc.
The scope of botany and its consequent importance is vast and immense. For the very existence of not only human beings but also all animals, plants are necessary.
The study of botany forms a necessary informational background for students preparing for careers in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, bacteriology, pharmacology, soil conservation, and other related fields.
Volvox is a free-floating freshwater planktonic green alga of the class Chlorophyceae. It is usually found in stagnant water, such as ponds, pools, etc. Volvox diverged from its unicellular predecessors…
Chlamydomonas is a unicellular, motile, green alga of the class Chlorophyceae. It is widely distributed and found mostly in stagnant water. Chlamydomonas is one of the most primitive eukaryotes in…
Marchantia is the most prominent genus in the family Marchantiaceae of the order Marchantiales. They prefer to grow in moist and shady places like wet open woodlands, banks of streams,…
Riccia is the most widely distributed genus in the family Ricciaceae of the order Marchantiales. They commonly grow in moist soil, particularly during and after rain. In Riccia, the gametophytic…
Vaucheria is a freshwater green alga of the class Xanthophyceae. It is found nearly worldwide, especially in lakes, canals, and wetlands. The terrestrial species remain attached to the substratum by…
Reproduction in algae is the production of young ones (offspring) of the same kind as themselves. Generally, all three types of reproduction are observed in algae, such as: Vegetative Reproduction…
Algae are chlorophyll-bearing autotrophic members of thallophytes comprising a large heterogeneous assemblage of relatively simple plants. Algae may be aquatic, semi-aquatic, or terrestrial in their habitat. In the sea, they…
Algae are plants of simple structures. There exist a wide variety of thalli in algae, particularly in the vegetative plant body. The different forms show a definite range. The range…
Chloroplasts are double membraned rod-like oval or spherical cell organelles in the cytoplasm of most plant cells that help in photosynthesis. It is a green plastid containing chlorophylls. Animal cells…
Mitochondria are the rod-shaped, ovoid, or thread-like, scattered minute particles in all aerobic cells of higher animals and plants. These are also present in algae, protozoa, and fungi. Bacterial cells,…