Botany is the branch of biology that deals with the study of plants, including their structure, physiology, reproduction, and biochemical processes.
Botany is a very vast and comprehensive science and is divided into various major branches such as morphology, histology, physiology, plant anatomy, genetics, cytology, taxonomy, ecology, paleobotany, plant geography, etc.
The scope of botany and its consequent importance is vast and immense. For the very existence of not only human beings but also all animals, plants are necessary.
The study of botany forms a necessary informational background for students preparing for careers in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, bacteriology, pharmacology, soil conservation, and other related fields.
Riccia, a genus of thallose liverworts in the order Marchantiales, is widely distributed both in tropical and temperate regions of the world. It belongs to the family of Ricciaceae. The plant body of Riccia grows predominantly on damp soil and…
Oedogonium is a multicellular, filamentous, fresh water green alga of the class Chlorophyceae. It can be found in freshwater such as pools, tanks, ditches, etc. The young filaments of Oedogonium are found to be attached to some substrate. Salient Features…
Volvox is a free-floating freshwater planktonic green alga of the class Chlorophyceae. It is usually found in stagnant water, such as ponds, pools, etc. Volvox diverged from its unicellular predecessors approximately 200 million years ago. Salient Features of Volvox The…
Chlamydomonas is a unicellular, motile, green alga of the class Chlorophyceae. It is widely distributed and found mostly in stagnant water. Chlamydomonas is one of the most primitive eukaryotes in the plant kingdom. Salient Features of Chlamydomonas The salient features…
Marchantia is the most prominent genus in the family Marchantiaceae of the order Marchantiales. They prefer to grow in moist and shady places like wet open woodlands, banks of streams, wood rocks, or on shaded stub rocks. A few species…
Riccia is the most widely distributed genus in the family Ricciaceae of the order Marchantiales. They commonly grow in moist soil, particularly during and after rain. In Riccia, the gametophytic plant body is the dominant phase of the life cycle.…
Vaucheria is a freshwater green alga of the class Xanthophyceae. It is found nearly worldwide, especially in lakes, canals, and wetlands. The terrestrial species remain attached to the substratum by colorless rhizoids. Salient Features of Vaucheria The salient features of…
Cyanobacteria are the most primitive types of organisms (plants) with simple prokaryotic cellular structures. With the help of an electron microscope, Pankratz and Bowen (1963) studied the structure of cyanobacterial cells. The detailed cell structure of cyanobacteria is as follows: Cell…
Reproduction in algae is the production of young ones (offspring) of the same kind as themselves. Generally, all three types of reproduction are observed in algae, such as: Vegetative Reproduction in Algae The method by which new individuals are formed…
Algae are chlorophyll-bearing autotrophic members of thallophytes comprising a large heterogeneous assemblage of relatively simple plants. Algae may be aquatic, semi-aquatic, or terrestrial in their habitat. In the sea, they make up the major part of the vegetation. On pools…