Botany is the branch of biology that deals with the study of plants, including their structure, physiology, reproduction, and biochemical processes.
Botany is a very vast and comprehensive science and is divided into various major branches such as morphology, histology, physiology, plant anatomy, genetics, cytology, taxonomy, ecology, paleobotany, plant geography, etc.
The scope of botany and its consequent importance is vast and immense. For the very existence of not only human beings but also all animals, plants are necessary.
The study of botany forms a necessary informational background for students preparing for careers in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, bacteriology, pharmacology, soil conservation, and other related fields.
Polytrichum is one of the largest mosses and a genus of the order Polytrichales. It is found in all parts of the world. Polytrichum is commonly called hairy cap moss due to the shaggy calyptra enclosing the mature capsule. Distribution…
Chara is a multicellular submerged freshwater green alga of the class Charophyceae. It is usually found in freshwater ponds, lakes, tanks, etc. On the surfaces of the Chara, cyanobacteria have been found to grow as epiphytes. Chara is commonly known…
Funaria, a genus of mosses (a group of non-vascular flowerless plants) in the order Funariales, is widely distributed all over the world. It belongs to the family Funariaceae. The genus Funaria grows during the rainy season as dense patches in…
Anthoceros, a genus of hornworts (a group of non-vascular embryophytes) in the order Anthocerotales, is widely distributed, mainly in tropical and temperate regions of the world. It belongs to the family Anthocerotaceae. The name Anthoceros means ‘flower horn‘, which refers to…
Marchantia, a genus of thallose liverworts in the order Marchantiales, is widely distributed all over the world. It belongs to the family Marchantiaceae. Nicolas Marchant, a French botanist, named the Marchantia in memory of his father. Distribution of Marchantia Marchantia…
Riccia, a genus of thallose liverworts in the order Marchantiales, is widely distributed both in tropical and temperate regions of the world. It belongs to the family of Ricciaceae. The plant body of Riccia grows predominantly on damp soil and…
Oedogonium is a multicellular, filamentous, fresh water green alga of the class Chlorophyceae. It can be found in freshwater such as pools, tanks, ditches, etc. The young filaments of Oedogonium are found to be attached to some substrate. Salient Features…
Volvox is a free-floating freshwater planktonic green alga of the class Chlorophyceae. It is usually found in stagnant water, such as ponds, pools, etc. Volvox diverged from its unicellular predecessors approximately 200 million years ago. Salient Features of Volvox The…
Chlamydomonas is a unicellular, motile, green alga of the class Chlorophyceae. It is widely distributed and found mostly in stagnant water. Chlamydomonas is one of the most primitive eukaryotes in the plant kingdom. Salient Features of Chlamydomonas The salient features…
Marchantia is the most prominent genus in the family Marchantiaceae of the order Marchantiales. They prefer to grow in moist and shady places like wet open woodlands, banks of streams, wood rocks, or on shaded stub rocks. A few species…