Botany is the branch of biology that deals with the study of plants, including their structure, physiology, reproduction, and biochemical processes.
Botany is a very vast and comprehensive science and is divided into various major branches such as morphology, histology, physiology, plant anatomy, genetics, cytology, taxonomy, ecology, paleobotany, plant geography, etc.
The scope of botany and its consequent importance is vast and immense. For the very existence of not only human beings but also all animals, plants are necessary.
The study of botany forms a necessary informational background for students preparing for careers in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, bacteriology, pharmacology, soil conservation, and other related fields.
Ribosomes are membraneless, small, sub-spherical ribonucleoprotein particles. Definition of Ribosomes Ribosomes are small, dense, membraneless, rounded, and granular ribonucleoprotein organelles which occur either freely in the matrix of mitochondria, chloroplast,…
Lysosomes are tiny vascular membrane-bound vesicles involved in intracellular digestion. They contain a variety of hydrolytic enzymes that remain active under acidic conditions. Greek words “Lysis = digestive or break…
Protoplast is a plant cell (organized mass) devoid of the cell wall. Protoplasts are useful for the study of physiological problems of the cells and isolation of organelles and the…
The Golgi apparatus or the Golgi body or Golgi complex or simply the Golgi is a complex cytoplasmic structure having relation to cellular secretion. Which consists of vesicles and vacuoles,…
Bryophytes are small, non-vascular land plants, which have multicellular jacketed sex organs. The defining features of bryophytes are that their life cycle features alternating haploid and diploid generations with a…
Dehiscence of the capsule and spore dispersal mechanism is the characteristic features of bryophytes. When the capsule is mature, it degenerates and liberated the spores. Some of the Bryophytes (Riccia,…
The photosynthetic tissues are the chloroplast-bearing cells. These cells are present only in the gametophytic plant body or in the thallus in Riccia and Marchantia. While in other Bryophytes, photosynthetic…
The evolution of sporophyte in Bryophytes have been explained with the help of two theories: one is the Antithetic Theory or Theory of Sterilization and the other one is the…
Jungermanniales is the largest order of class Hepaticopsida in the division Bryophyta. Structure of Gametophyte in Jungermanniales The gametophyte of Jungermanniales is the plant body. The plants are thalloid, except…
Marchantiales is an order of Division Bryophyta (Class Hepaticopsida). Structure of Gametophyte The gametophyte of Marchantiales is the plant body. External Morphology Internal Morphology Sexual Reproductive Structures of Marchantiales Antheridium…