The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a tubular branched cell organelle in the cytoplasm of the Eukaryotic cell that divides the cytoplasm into several compartments. They are extended from the nuclear…
Bryophytes are small, non-vascular land plants, which have multicellular jacketed sex organs. The defining features of bryophytes are that their life cycle features alternating haploid and diploid generations with a…
Restriction enzymes are the endonuclease enzymes that cut the double-stranded DNA at specific sites, resulting in fragments of DNA. So these enzymes are called molecular scissors. Restriction enzymes are present…
Plasmids are small circular DNA molecules, most commonly found in bacterial cells (also found in Cyanobacteria and Fungi). They replicate in the cells independently of the chromosomes. The plasmids normally…
A nucleus is the largest cell organelle in a typical cell. Which is a highly organized globular, ellipsoidal, spherical, or disc-shaped protoplasmic body enclosed within the cytoplasm. Robert Brown first…
Dehiscence of the capsule and spore dispersal mechanism is the characteristic features of bryophytes. When the capsule is mature, it degenerates and liberated the spores. Some of the Bryophytes (Riccia,…
The photosynthetic tissues are the chloroplast-bearing cells. These cells are present only in the gametophytic plant body or in the thallus in Riccia and Marchantia. While in other Bryophytes, photosynthetic…
The evolution of sporophyte in Bryophytes have been explained with the help of two theories: one is the Antithetic Theory or Theory of Sterilization and the other one is the…
Jungermanniales is the largest order of class Hepaticopsida in the division Bryophyta. Characteristics of Jungermanniales Structure of Gametophyte in Jungermanniales The plant body is gametophytic. The gametophytes are thalloid, except…
Marchantiales is an order of Division Bryophyta (Class Hepaticopsida). Structure of Gametophyte The gametophyte of Marchantiales is the plant body. External Morphology Internal Morphology Sexual Reproductive Structures of Marchantiales Antheridium…